Infrared image of a person wearing a smart face mask concept. (Image credit: University of Missouri)
In response to the COVID-19 pandemic leading to widespread mask wearing, researchers have developed breathable soft bioelectronics which can monitor the physiological status of a person by tracking coughs. The wearable smart face mask can also be used to track if the person is wearing the mask correctly, using lightweight, stretchable and breathable sensors. Such masks can be used to mitigate events in which viruses are transmitted by flagging potentially contagious people and identifying mask wearing conditions. Such masks can be used to help with the diagnosis of several diseases by tracking the frequency of coughs. The researchers have also developed concepts for laser-fabricated wearable bioelectronics that can monitor a person's health, including vitals by application on the skin.
Zheng Yan says "Different respiratory problems lead to different cough frequencies and degrees. Taking chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) as an example, the frequency of cough in the early morning is higher than that in the daytime and night. Our smart face mask can effectively monitor cough frequencies, which may assist physicians with knowing disease development and providing timely, customized interventions." In the future, such masks could be used to provide automatic alerts to wearers of improper mask wearing.
The other concept involves using laser-fabrication of producing wearable electronics. Yan says, "Laser-assisted fabrication is simple, scalable, cost-effective and easily customisable. This can lower the cost of wearable electronics and benefit both their practical, one-time use and personalization by providing customized devices for health care applications. It exhibits high electrical conductivity, chemical stability, MRI-compatibility and biocompatibility, which is well suitable for construction of various bioelectronic sensors and stimulators."
One of the potential application of such a device, is to monitor the breathing and vitals of an individual. Yan says, "Monitoring a person's breathing rhythm will be useful for diagnosis of some diseases, such as sleep apnea. Also, we could concurrently monitor the heart rate, heart rate variation and electroencephalograms to provide more comprehensive information for the study of sleep apnea."
The paper on smart face masks was published in ACS Nano, while the one on laser-assisted fabrication of wearable electronics was published in Science Advances.
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