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It has been almost two years since the beginning of the coronavirus pandemic, and the United States is reopening. Concerts, sporting events, and other events are making a comeback, but is it safe to attend? Although many people have returned to their lives before COVID-19, doctors still advise the public to take preventive measures to help prevent the spread of the virus. Eat this, not that! Health spoke with Dr. J. Wes Ulm, a medical researcher who is also part of the COVID crisis hero series, and he explained where he is still cautious about going there and why. He said: "As the winter of 2021 is approaching, the COVID-19 pandemic for two full years, this is a terrible topic that all of us would like to appear in the rearview mirror now." "At this time last year, the air was flooded. An exciting prediction about the imminent herd immunity, as a powerful vaccine (95% effective) is combined with improved treatments such as dexamethasone and remdesivir, as well as better masking, tracking and detection tools , It is hoped that the pandemic will be left behind. Fast forward one year, and optimism is more cautious and cautious, because another year of false dawn gives way to gray preparations in the medical trenches for another winter with ruthless enemies Fighting. What happened? In short, the Delta variant did it. Although hopeful in the past and now, it was discovered that the immune protection of the COVID vaccine was significantly weakened after a few months, and there were loopholes that only provided at the beginning Limited mucosal immunity. Even in fully vaccinated communities, the toxic Delta variant (and its many mutated sub-variants) is allowed to spread."
This is why you need to be extra careful. Keep reading about the places you shouldn't go, even if they are open-and to ensure the health of you and others, don't miss these positive signs that you have been infected with COVID.
1 Large indoor gatherings with poor ventilation and high-decibel sound
"So, as the 2021 holiday approaches, what activities and venues should prompt us to take high-level precautions?" he asked. "In terms of potential super-spreading incidents, now as last year, the top of the list are large indoor gatherings with poor ventilation, especially in the case of raising the sound (and droplets) without wearing a mask. Unfortunately— —I say this because of the concerts and the musicians who love music festivals themselves — this includes combinations such as chamber concerts and choir performances, especially held at close distances. It is true that fully vaccinated and wearing a mask yourself Provides a valuable layer of protection, but for radicals, it is worth reiterating again that delta variants, even those who have been vaccinated can carry and transmit high-titer (measurable quantities) of SARS-CoV-2 virus particles , This virus is the virus that causes COVID-19. Especially for delta, recent immunizations have provided strong but still somewhat fragmented protection, and the immune barrier began to fade significantly after about 3 months, especially in the sixth Month. So especially if you have been vaccinated or not vaccinated several months away from your body, you have one or more serious COVID-19 comorbidities (especially high blood pressure, obesity or chronic respiratory disease) , Or in poorly ventilated areas, take precautions, and as much as possible in this atmosphere, maintain social distance and wear a mask, even without an N-95 respirator. The COVID-19 encounter is a microbe’s dice, even if the mask cannot Avoid infection completely. Preliminary studies have shown that it may help reduce the viral load of SARS-CoV-2, enough to produce mild cases and reduce the risk of long-term COVID syndrome, and may even improve natural immunity through a phenomenon similar to variegated disease (See Gandhi and Rutherford's article in the New England Journal of Medicine in October 2020 or a more comprehensive explanation.) Where possible, be wary of large indoor gatherings (especially hundreds or Thousands of people), try to avoid encouraging such events to be held outdoors-safe terrace heaters are becoming ubiquitous-if it must be done indoors, ventilation is higher than pre-pandemic standards to optimize airflow and maximize To reduce the possibility of droplets spreading the virus from person to person."
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2 small indoor gatherings, close contact
Dr. Ulm said: "The holidays are coming. We can't avoid the conversation and hugs at the Thanksgiving table forever, especially when COVID-19 is really prevalent. But COVID-19 is spread through droplets and widespread airborne transmission. So, unfortunately, family gatherings are one of the main opportunities for SARS-CoV-2 to spread from person to person, and explain the dramatic increase in morbidity and hospitalizations that occur around major community gatherings. Banquets The table is not attractive, so remember this basic principle again: The COVID-19 round is a random (random) event after virus exposure. It is best to reduce the risk of viral load and exposure potential, even if it is impossible to completely eliminate it. Encourage close contact Of participants are tested before travel as much as possible, and if they are away for more than six months, they are given a booster immunization-although vaccination (as described above) does not stop the transmission of the presence of delta variants, studies have shown that mucosal viral load The amount will be reduced, and if you do contract COVID, the risk of hospitalization will also be reduced. Make sure to ventilate the indoor area as much as possible, and try to hold events outdoors when possible, at least when the weather permits. Similarly, Even if the mask is taken off during meals and long conversations, it is helpful to wear a mask as much as possible outside of such occasions. Remember, even if you meet SARS-CoV-2 during the holidays, it’s best Make sure it is as gentle and minimal as possible!"
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3 vehicles carrying a large number of people without masks
Dr. Ulm revealed why he is still cautious about taking public transportation, especially during the holidays. "Bus, train and airline operators have done a good job of ventilating their cars, greatly reducing the risk of exposure to COVID. However, the large number of strangers gathered in cramped dormitories is the spread of COVID-19 and deltas. The ideal hotbed includes individuals who have been vaccinated. Transportation companies’ compliance with mask guidelines varies, but vacations are not when you want to be trapped in a small area. People who don’t wear a mask come and go to spread droplets—— Especially in the concurrent cold and flu seasons, the incidence of cough attacks is increased as a whole! Traffic operators and inspectors usually provide ready-made data on the use and compliance of masks. This is what you want to guide based on the quality of passenger masks One of the selected periods. It’s never a pleasant thing to sit in a place where someone is coughing and coughing, but in a pandemic, it has a more direct meaning."
Related: CDC says this makes you 14 times more likely to die from COVID
4 large indoor meetings and symposiums
"Business, research, and product conferences tend to reduce the droplet transmission of COVID-19 due to their themes; singing loudly, whooping cough, and cheering can transmit virus-containing droplets just like sneezing and effective coughing. Therefore, large symposiums or exhibitions Relatively boring (usually) oral topics in the medium tend to reduce these hazards," said Dr. Ulm. "But like any indoor incident, airborne transmission is a constant danger, especially in the case of insufficient ventilation, an infectious individual may become a large-scale super spreader, especially for highly virulent delta variants. It is for this reason that even now, most of these meetings are held online, but if you must attend in person, try to select those that require a COVID test shortly before attending. Remember again, delta variants Replication is so effective that even fully vaccinated people can still spread it, so pre-conference testing provides an extra protective buffer to minimize potential super-spreader fiasco."
Related: Virus experts just said that these countries have problems
5 outdoor activities closely related to loud shouting
Dr. Ulm explained: “If COVID-19 has one point of merit, it is that the virus behind it is at least relatively inefficient in spreading outdoors. This is because when the virus particles are spread as aerosols, they tend to be in the air. It dissipates quickly. The surrounding air means that picnics, parks and sports events in large stadiums are relatively safe. However, it is worth noting again that COVID-19 is also spread through droplets, especially at close distances, which may be One factor, even for outdoor events-if these droplets are inhaled by bystanders or spread by touching the eyes or mucous membranes, these droplets may contain a worryingly high viral load, especially in the enthusiastic cheers and ridicules of major sporting events In. Try to find a seat away from the hustle and bustle, clap in the stands behind you, and wash your hands or use hand sanitizer as much as possible, especially if cheers are spreading across the aisle. For this situation, add all four for the above situation, if you Symptoms do begin to appear, and the CDC recommends testing within 5-7 days after the incident or possible exposure. Even if the winter of 2021-2022 will be another uphill battle against our stubborn microbial enemies, it will be the same as the previous winter. We now have more treatment and intervention tools, so you will want to be diagnosed and treated as soon as possible."
6 How to stay safe outside
Follow the basic principles of public health to help end this pandemic, no matter where you live-get vaccinated as soon as possible; if you live in an area with a low vaccination rate, please wear an N95 mask, do not travel, maintain social distancing, and avoid crowds Gather, do not enter the room with people who do not have a shelter (especially in bars), practice hand hygiene, and protect the lives of you and others. Do not go to these 35 places most likely to be infected with COVID.
Dr. J. Wes Ulm, MD, Ph.D., is a medical researcher, musician (J. Wes Ulm and Konundrum of Kant) and novelist, and received a double MD/PhD. Degrees from Harvard Medical School and Massachusetts Institute of Technology. He is part of the COVID crisis hero series and is related to his continued efforts in the areas of drug discovery and public health.
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